在暂时关闭服务之后，用certbot工具自动更新，再重启服务即可。

示例

service nginx stop  
certbot renew  
service nginx start  

参考

• Let's Encrypt 使用教程，免费的SSL证书，让你的网站拥抱 HTTPS
• HTTPS 简介及使用官方工具 Certbot 配置 Let’s Encrypt SSL 安全证书详细教程

Axe Script

Version: 1.0
Repository: Eroica-cpp/dota2scripts
Source: Axe.lua
Require: Utility.lua

Features

• When pressing Q, Auto Blink to a calculated spot to Berserker's Call as many enemies as possible.
• Auto pop all useful items when calling, such as Blade Mail, Shiva's Guard, Lotus Orb, Mjollnir, Pipe of Insight, etc. This will not be activated if there is no enemy around.
• Auto Initiating Mode that Berserker's Call any enemy in range. It can be turned on/off in game by pressing a key (default key: E). For example, this mode helps you counter-smoke and counter-initiation instantly. Also, when you're not confident about Blink Dagger's range, you can just turn on this mode and approach to the enemy, then it will initiate automatically.
• Auto cast Battle Hunger on the enemy that you are attacking.

Please feel free to leave suggestions below, in the forum or github. If you like it, a star for this repo would be appreciated. Check here for more scripts and latest updates.

Dragon Knight Script

Version: 1.0
Repository: Eroica-cpp/dota2scripts
Source: DragonKnight.lua
Require: Utility.lua

Features

• Use Dragon Tail to Instantly Stun any enemy in range, no matter in Elder Dragon Form or not.
• Auto cast Breathe Fire for Kill Steal. It considers many factors, including magical resistance, trajectory speed, and predicted position after the delay.
• Awareness of how many hits needed to kill an enemy, which considers the damage from Breathe Fire if it's ready.

Please feel free to leave suggestions below, in the forum or github. If you like it, a star for this repo would be appreciated. Check here for more scripts and latest updates.

Troll Warlord Script

Version: 2.0
Repository: Eroica-cpp/dota2scripts
Source: Troll.lua

Features

• Auto swap to melee while moving. When attacking, auto swap to range if the target is out of melee's attack range, otherwise swap to melee.
• One key (default: W) to cast Whirling Axes (Melee).
• One key (default: E) to cast Whirling Axes (Ranged).
• It will change to previous form after casting. For example, if you're in ranged form and press W, it will: change to melee form -> cast melee whirling axes -> change back to ranged form
• You probably need to bind your previous W and E to other keys.

Please feel free to leave suggestions below, in the forum or github. If you like it, a star for this repo would be appreciated. Check here for more scripts and latest updates.

(以下内容翻译自MDN)

从Firefox 23开始，Firefox默认屏蔽主动混合内容。这遵循IE浏览器（从Versoin 9 开始）和 Chrome 的做法。

这篇文章介绍作为网站开发人员应该注意的地方。

你的网站可能有问题

如果你的网站转发HTTPS页面，所有通过HTTP转发的主动混合内容会被默认屏蔽掉。结果就是，用户看来你的网站可能有问题（比如：iframe 和插件无法载入）。被动混合内容默认可以显示，但是用户也可以设置偏好来屏蔽这类内容。

由于 Chrome 和 IE 已经阻止了混合内容，如果你的网站在这两个浏览器下能够工作正常，那么在 Firefox 下也应该工作正常。

在任何的情况下，知道在Firefox下你的网站是否存在问题的最好的方法是：下载最新版的Firefox，在另一个页面打开你的网站并打开网站控制台，然后查看是否有任何跟混合内容相关的东西被屏蔽。也可以使用在线爬虫工具（比如：SSL-check）或者桌面爬虫软件（比如：HTTPSChecker）去递归地检查你的网站，找出不安全内容的链接。如果没有任何混合内容相关的提示，这说明你的网站很不错，请继续保持！

如何修复你的网站

防止混合内容被屏蔽最好的方法是对所有的内容使用HTTPS来取代HTTP。

如果是你自己的域名，将所有内容都设置成HTTPS并修复所有的链接。一般来说，HTTPS版本的内容本来就是存在的，简单地给链接添加“s” (http:// - https://) 即可。

当然，在某些情况下，对一些媒体来说路径就是不正确的。有一些在线或者线下的工具，比如：linkchecker，可以帮你解决这个问题。

对于其他的域名，如果有HTTPS的版本就能用则用。如果没有 HTTPS，你可以去尝试联系这个域名的人，询问是否能让这些内容对HTTPS可用。

Armlet Script

Version: 3.1
Repository: Eroica-cpp/dota2scripts
Source: Armlet.lua
Require: Utility.lua

Features

• Auto toggle Armlet when hp is low
• Auto toggle Armlet if incoming right click damages (from heroes, creeps or towers) are fatal.
• Toggle on Armlet when about to attack. Toggle off when about to move. If HP is too low, this feature will not be activated.
• All features are compatible with others.

Please feel free to leave suggestions below, in the forum or github. If you like it, a star for this repo would be appreciated. Check here for more scripts and latest updates.

Just find out an interesting fact that Chinese generally know far more about US than Americans know about China. I've talked to a lot of middle-class Americans, like Uber drivers. Most of them never heard of Shenzhen, and most likely the number of Chinese cities they know is below three (Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong). But for average Chinese, the number of US cities they know is around 10, because of school education and movies.

Here is what common Chinese know about US cities:

• Washington DC - the capital (yet most of them don't know the difference between Washington state and DC)
• New York - 911 & Statue of Liberty & the biggest city in US (many Chinese think NY city as the capital of the US and cannot distinguish between NY state and NY city)
• Boston - Harvard & MIT
• Los Angeles - Hollywood & Laker & movie scenes
• San Francisco - Jackie Chan's Red Bronx & Silicon Valley (most Chinese have never heard of San Jose. SF has an alias in Chinese, Old Gold Mountain (旧金山), and many Chinese think San Francisco (三番市) and Old Gold Mountain (旧金山) are two different cities)
• Hawaii - beach & Pearl Harbor
• Seattle - don't know the reason but most Chinese do know Seattle.
• Houston - The Rockets & Yao Ming
• Philadelphia - first constitution & The Declaration of Independence (in Chinese middle school history class)
• Miami - sunny beach (only few Chinese heard of San Diego though)
• Las Vegas - gambling
• Chicago - a big city & finance center
• Alaska - geography class in middle school
• Atlanta - Olympics Games (yet most Chinese know nothing else about Atlanta except the name.)
• California - movies & the song Hotel California (most Chinese know California as the wealthiest state in US but not sure that SF, LA and SD are in California)

Bristleback Script

Version: 1.1
Repository: Eroica-cpp/dota2scripts
Source: Bristleback.lua
Require: Utility.lua

Features

• Auto cast Viscous Nasal Goo to any enemy in range once ready.
• Auto cast Quill Spray to any enemy in range once ready.
• Press one key (default is E) to turn on/off this auto spells mode.

Please feel free to leave suggestions below, in the forum or github. If you like it, a star for this repo would be appreciated. Check here for more scripts and latest updates.

句子中前一个单词的辅音和后一个单词的元音连读；特别地，t 读作 d。比如：

• what's up -> wuh tsup
• ten hours a day -> ten nau ər zə day
• what is it -> wə di zit
• I'm on the train -> ai mɔn the train

Consonant to Consonant

句子中前后两个单词的辅音构成连读，有以下几种情况：

• 前后两个辅音相同的时候，比如：gas station -> gæ s_s tation，some might -> sə m_m ait。
• t，d，p，b，k，g这六个称为stop consonant，不构成连读，比如：hot| today，bad| dog，peanut| butter，flip| phone。
• f/v + w 连读，比如：five ways -> fai vw ei，safeway -> sei fw ei，of which -> ɔ fw hich，love one -> lʌ vw ʌn。
• TH开头或者结尾，比如：this thing，was that，sit there，of these，north star，with funny，both will，south side。

Vowel to Vowel

视频讲了很多，但我觉得元音和元音之间本来就是这样，并不需要“连读”。

YOU

在句子中you有j或者ch的音，比如：

• j：could you， would you。
• ch：want you。

H

句子中h的音常常被省略掉，比如：

• tell her -> te ler。
• was he there -> wʌ zi there。
• at first he never came -> at fəs ti never came。
• what have you done -> wʌ dəv ju dʌn。
• my friend has seen it twice -> mai fre dəz si ni twais。
• I saw her sister -> I saw ər sister。
• what was his name agiain -> what wə zis name again。
• I told him no -> I tou dim no。

当然，只有作为helping word或者function word的时候才被省略，如果是句子的谓语则不能省略，比如：you have my word 中 have 就不能省略 h。

参考

• 5 Tips to Improve Listening Comprehension
• YouTube Playlist: Linking

for全部读作fə。

AT

• at后面接辅音时，读作at。比如：at school，at the moment。
• at后面接元音时，读作ad。比如：at a shop，at her house，at Anna's。

THEM

在句子中them读作em，比如：

• I'll take them with me 读作 I'll teikem with me 。
• I'll get them later 读作 I'll gedem later。
• I gave them to you last night 读作 I geivem to you last night。
• You can have them 读作 You can hevem。
• We can buy them later 读作 We can bai em later。

TO*

这个有点复杂，to在句子中的发音是tə或者də，根据前一个辅音。

TS

这个简略的有点厉害，难怪有时候老美说话听不懂。

• it's -> ts，比如：it's good to know -> ts good to know。
• what's -> ts，比如：what's going on -> ts going on。
• that's -> ts，比如：that's nice -> ts nice。

OR

or在句子中发音为ər，并且与上一个单词连读。

BECAUSE

• because发音为bi'kəz或者kəz。
• 句子中z与下一个单词连读，比如：because I know -> bi'kə zai know。

CAN

• can作为名词或者在句子末尾的时候，还是读作kæn，比如：Yes we can -> Yes we kæn。
• 作为功能词在句子中can读作kən，比如We can stay -> We kən stay；I can bring food -> I kən bring food。

ARE

are读作ər，并且在句子中与上一个单词连读，比如：

• What are you doing -> wɒ dər ju doing。
• The kids are there -> The kid zər there。
• My cousins are coming tomorrow -> My kʌzən zər coming tomorrow。

YOU

you 读作 jər。

THAT*

th音都一直发不好，这部分对我来说太难了。。

AND

and直接省略掉d的音，读作n或者ən。

OF

• of后面跟辅音的时候，读作ə。
• of后面跟元音的时候，读作əv，其中v与下一个元音连读。比如：a part of a plan -> a part ə və plan。

Shoulda, Woulda, Coulda

• should have -> should də
• would have -> would də
• could have -> could də
• should not have -> should nə
• would not have -> would nə
• could not have -> could nə

AS and WAS

• as 读作 əz。
• was 读作 wəz。

参考

• 5 Tips to Improve Listening Comprehension
• YouTube Playlist: Words that Reduce

Ubuntu下只需要一行：

git config --global core.quotepath false  

core.quotepath设置为false，不会对0x80以上的字符进行quote。中文显示正常。

参考

• Git Status 中文乱码解决
• git乱码解决方案汇总

数据来自飞网中国。

F类签证

拒签案例

• F1,广州被拒三次，请教各位还有机会么？
  • 2014-11-28；广州。
  • 大专->读语言；直系亲属移民；英语差。
• B1拒签一次 F1拒签两次，留学还有没有希望
  • 2014-11-07；成都。
  • 大专->读语言；面签用中文。
• 韩国（第三国）F1 男友秒过，我被秒拒，求助，准备短期内2000
  • 2014-11-14；韩国。
  • 读语言学校；移民倾向->214b。
• 37岁签F1 被拒了，请高人帮我分析，怎么才能签过
  • 2014-11-14；北京。
  • 高龄码农；移民倾向->214b。
• 《F1不知道为什么被秒拒，大概是因为学语言? 》
  • 2014-09-17；北京。
  • 读语言；想读完语言申请硕士，但是没有硕士项目的AD。
• 成都F1，1000被拒，大龄单身高危的姐啊纠结要不要2000
  • 2014-08-15；成都。
  • 大龄；单身；语言学校；面签用中文。
• GZ 2000秒拒 。我还坚持吗？确定迷茫了
  • 2014-09-04；广州。
  • 原因不明，社区大学？
• 成都一签被拒（然后二签又没过！彻底绝望了，是不是去不了了？）
  • 2014-07-02；成都
  • 工作多年；低学历。
• 8.28广州1000亚裔秒拒 悲！！！附带过程
  • 2014-08-28；广州。
  • 大专->社区大学；无语言成绩；面签用中文。
• F1学生签证纯语言成都1000、2000悲剧。
  • 2014-08-14；成都。
  • 25岁高中学历->读语言；英语差；面签用中文。
• 8月5日广州1000秒拒，准备2000
  • 2014-08-05；广州
  • 低学历；工作几年再去读本科。
• 因成绩不好转校去社区大学。。1000几乎秒拒
  • 2014-07-23；广州。
  • 之前读4年制大学成绩不好->社区大学。
• 大龄单身女准备4000
  • 2014-07-02；上海。
  • 高龄单身；原因不明（不知道是什么项目）。
• F1.!!2000被拒
  • 2014-01-28；上海。
  • 大专->读语言；面签用中文；高龄（工作过）读本科。
• 大三转学读艺术重读本科，面签被拒，求助！！！非常感谢！！！
  • 2014-06-30；沈阳。
  • 语言成绩低；双录取。

You have a Github repo but nothing in there.
It's frustrated, right ?

Thinking about writing more code ? Contributing to open source projects ? Right ??

Wrong !!!

I'm gonna teach you how to become a Github master in seconds.

First Step

Clone this repo to anywhere you like.

git clone git@github.com:Eroica-cpp/Github-Booster.git  

Second Step

Run github-booster.sh

./github-booster.sh

Third Step

Upload to your Github repo

git remote add origin <your repo URL>  
git push origin master  

That's it.

So easy~

A simply approach could be remove ./git directory and then git init a new repo. A better way is: checkout a new branch and add all files to this branch -> remove master -> rename current branch as master -> gg ez!

Refernce

Stack Overflow: how to delete all commit history in github?

• update - 更新，比如更新数据、稳定性更新等。
• upgrade - 升级，比如从Office个人版升级到专业版。

软件发行的角度

• apt-get update 更新所有新package的清单，但不会实际安装或者升级。
• apt-get upgrade 安装这些新的软件包或者升级版本。

所以一般是先apt-get upgrade再apt-get update。

参考

1. StackExchange English Language & Usage
2. Ask Ubuntu